Treatment

Chronic Illness

Psychiatric Comorbidity

Smokers with psychiatric disease should be offered the same smoking cessation intervention treatments outlined above. Clinicians should be alerted that these smokers are at increased risk for relapse and should be monitored closely .

Hospitalized smokers

The Five A's of cessation treatment should be incorporated into all contact with hospitalized smokers. All hospitalized smokers' admission and discharge problem lists should include the diagnosis of nicotine dependence. Hospitalized smokers should be offered the same smoking cessation interventions outlined above. Often the period of hospitalization represents an opportunity for the clinician to intervene with patient and family.